Effect of Motor Competence and Health-Related Fitness in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors.

Purpose: In the last decades we have seen an increase in sedentary behaviors and a decrease in physical activity in children when compared to past generations. This lifestyle is commonly associated with the development of clustering risk factors that define metabolic syndrome (MetS). Knowing that motor competence (MC) development can influence lifelong physical activity habits, it is reasonable to assume that children's MC will directly link to clustered cardiometabolic health outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of MC in MetS risk factors. Methods: Seventy children with a mean age of 7.49 (SD = 1.28) years were evaluated on motor competence (MCA-Motor Competence Assessment instrument), cardiovascular fitness (PACER test), upper body strength (UBS; handgrip), and the components of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, low concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting blood glucose. The composite value of MetS was calculated according to Burns et al. (2017). Multiple standard regressions were performed to explore the effect of different variables on MetS. Motor competence and health-related fitness (cardiovascular fitness and relative upper body strength) were used as independent variables (predictors) and MetS as dependent variable. Results: Overall, the results showed that motor competence (ß = -.072; p < .05) is a significant predictor and this model explained 7,1% of the variance in MetS. Conclusion: Although more studies are needed, our results indicate that MC seems to have a positive role in children's health markers.

This study aimed to analyze the role of MC, cardiorespiratory fitness, and upper body strength in MetS risk factors.The results suggest that upper body strength is the strongest predictor for MetS (negative association), followed by MC (positive association).When the different MC components were entered independently instead of total MC, the upper body strength and locomotor MC were found to be significant predictors of the MetS behavior.Considering our results and the fact that MC levels during childhood positively influence PA levels along lifespan, this study suggests a pathway to follow in future research.

Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block for Headache Treatment After an Incidental Durotomy: A Case Report.

Incidental durotomy is the most common intraoperative complication of spine surgeries. Our main goal is to report a case of a postoperative postdural puncture headache following an incidental durotomy successfully managed with a sphenopalatine ganglion block. A 75-year-old woman, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II, proposed for a lumbar interbody fusion. During surgery, an incidental durotomy with cerebrospinal fluid leak occurred, being repaired with muscle and DuraSeal® Dural Sealant System. In the recovery room, 1 hour after the end of the surgery, the patient developed a severe headache associated with nausea and photophobia. A bilateral transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block with 0.75% ropivacaine was performed. Immediate pain relief was verified. The patient reported only mild headaches on the first postoperative day, feeling progressively better until discharge. The sphenopalatine ganglion block may be an effective alternative treatment for postdural puncture headache following an incidental durotomy during neurosurgeries. Sphenopalatine ganglion block may be a safe, lowrisk alternative in the treatment of postdural puncture headache after an incidental durotomy that can be used in the immediate postoperative period to enable early recovery and return to day-to-day activities, which will hopefully lead to better surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Desenvolvimento e validação de recursos didáticos lúdicos para prevenção de acidentes na infância / Development and validation of playful didactic resources for the prevention of accidents in childhood

Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar recursos didáticos lúdicos para prevenção de acidentes comuns na infância para escolares de 4 e 5 anos da educação infantil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de desenvolvimento e validação de recursos didáticos lúdicos, do tipo pesquisa metodológica, desenvolvida em duas etapas, sendo a primeira a construção de recursos didáticos lúdicos e a segunda etapaa validação do material por juízes especialistas.Resultados: Foram elaborados um roteiro de história, duas paródias, uma atividade ilustrada, um jogo e duas brincadeiras que abordaram temáticas de prevenção de acidentes comuns na infância, quedas e queimaduras, sendo posteriormente avaliados por onze juízes especialistas na área da saúde da criança e da educação infantil que classificaram os recursos didáticos lúdicos como ferramentas eficazes para uso em intervenções educativas com escolares da educação infantil para prevenção de acidentes comuns na infância. A média geral de todos os domínios avaliados mostrou 98% de concordância.Conclusão: Este estudo evidenciou a relevância da validação dos recursos didáticos lúdicos para serem utilizados em ações educativas planejadas com qualidade, propiciando às crianças o conhecimento sobre prevenção de acidentes comuns na infância.

Objective: To develop and validate playful didactic resources targeted at 4 and 5-year-old schoolchildren for the prevention of common accidents in childhood. Methods: This is a study for the development and validation of playful didactic resources and of the methodological research type, developed in two stages, the former being elaboration of such resources and the latter, validation of the material by expert judges. Results: A story script, two parodies, an illustrated activity, a game and two playful activities were elaborated that approached themes regarding prevention of common accidents in childhood, falls and burns, being later evaluated by eleven expert judges in the areas of children's health and childhood education who classified the playful didactic resources as effective tools for use in educational interventions with schoolchildren attending early childhood education to prevent common accidents in childhood. The overall mean of all the domains evaluated showed 98% agreement. Conclusion: This study evidenced the relevance of validating the playful didactic resources to be used in educational activities planned with quality, providing children with knowledge about the prevention of common accidents in childhood

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Olive Oil Polyphenols-The Role of Oleacein and Its Metabolites.

The anti-inflammatory potential of oleacein, the main polyphenolic compound found in olive oil, and its main metabolites were characterized by their effects on RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and by their ability to inhibit enzymes of the arachidonic acid metabolism with a key role in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators. Oleacein at 12.5 µM significantly decreased the amount of L-citrulline and ●NO generated by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Hydroxytyrosol, hydroxytyrosol acetate and hydroxytyrosol acetate sulfate were also able to reduce the cellular amount of ●NO, although to a lesser extent. In contrast, hydroxytyrosol glucuronide and sulfate did not show detectable effects. Oleacein was also able to inhibit the coupled PLA2 + 5-LOX enzyme system (IC50 = 16.11 µM), as well as the 5-LOX enzyme (IC50 = 45.02 µM). Although with lower activity, both hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate were also capable of inhibiting these enzymes at a concentration of 100 µM. None of the other tested metabolites showed a capacity to inhibit these enzymes. In contrast, all compounds, including glucuronides and sulfate metabolites, showed a remarkable capacity to inhibit both cyclooxygenase isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values lower than 3 µM. Therefore, oleacein and its metabolites have the ability to modulate ●NO- and arachidonic acid-dependent inflammatory cascades, contributing to the anti-inflammatory activity associated with olive oil polyphenols.

A biochemical perspective on the fate of virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in vivo.

The chemistry of the phenolic compounds found in virgin olive oil (VOO) is very complex due, not only to the different classes of polyphenols that can be found in it, but, above all, due to the existence of a very specific phenol class found only in oleaceae plants: the secoiridoids. Searching in the Scopus data base the keywords flavonoid, phenolic acid, lignin and secoiridoid, we can find a number of 148174, 79435, 11326 and 1392 research articles respectively, showing how little is devote to the latter class of compounds. Moreover, in contrast with other classes, that include only phenolic compounds, secoiridoids may include phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, being the articles concerning phenolic secoiridoids much less than the half of the abovementioned articles. Therefore, it is important to clarify the structures of these compounds and their chemistry, as this knowledge will help understand their bioactivity and metabolism studies, usually performed by researchers with a more health science's related background. In this review, all the structures found in many research articles concerning VOO phenolic compounds chemistry and metabolism was gathered, with a special attention devoted to the secoiridoids, the main phenolic compound class found in olives, VOO and olive leaf.

Olive oil oleogels as strategy to confer nutritional advantages to burgers.

The effect of bovine back fat replacement by oleogels containing pork skin and olive oil on the oxidative stability, physicochemical, technological, nutritional, and sensory parameters of burgers was evaluated. Four different hamburger (H) were manufactured: with 90 % of lean beef and 10 % of bovine back fat (control, HC), or with 10 % of pork skin/water/virgin olive oil (HVOO), stripped olive oil added of an olive leaf extract (HESOO) or stripped olive oil (HSOO) oleogels, at 20:60:20 ratio. Physical-chemical stability was assessed after storage for 7 days at 4 °C and for 90 days at -20 °C, under non-vacuum and vacuum packaging. A reduction in the fat content by 80 % and in the energy content by 35 %, an increase in the protein content by 15 % and a better fatty acid profile were achieved in the oleogel containing burgers. After processing at 180 °C (grill), hardness, chewiness, sensory parameters and overall acceptability were high and comparable to control. All burgers were oxidative stable during 7 days at 4 °C. After storage for 90 days at -20 °C, only HSOO samples stored under non-vacuum packaging were oxidized. The antioxidant content in samples HVOO and HESOO efficiently prevented the oxidation of these samples.

Whole-Genome Analysis Deciphers Population Structure and Genetic Introgression Among Bovine Species.

It is known that throughout history and presently, taurine (Bos taurus) and indicine/zebu (Bos indicus) cattle were crossed with other bovine species (e.g., gayal, gaur, banteng, yak, wisent, and bison). Information on the role of interspecific hybridization to facilitate faster adaptation of the newly arrived domestic species to new environments is poorly known. Herein, we collected 266 samples of bovine species of the taurine, zebu, yak, and gaur from West Europe, Southwest China, Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia to conduct the principal component analysis (PCA), admixture, gene flow, and selection signature analyses by using SNPs distributed across the bovine autosomes. The results showed that the genetic relationships between the zebu, yak, and gaur mirrored their geographical origins. Three ancestral components of the European taurine, East Asian taurine, and Indian zebu were found in domestic cattle, and the bidirectional genetic introgression between the Diqing cattle and Zhongdian yak was also detected. Simultaneously, the introgressed genes from the Zhongdian yak to the Diqing cattle were mainly enriched with immune-related pathways, and the ENPEP, FLT1, and PIK3CA genes related to the adaptation of high-altitude hypoxia were detected. Additionally, we found the genetic components of the Zhongdian yak had introgressed into Tibetan cattle. The 30 selected genes were detected in Tibetan cattle, which were significantly enriched in the chemokine signaling pathway. Interestingly, some genes (CDC42, SLC39A2, and EPAS1) associated with hypoxia response were discovered, in which CDC42 and SLC39A2 played important roles in angiogenesis and erythropoiesis, and heart function, respectively. This result showed that genetic introgression was one of the important ways for the environmental adaptation of domestic cattle.

Hemovigilância: conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre reações transfusionais / Hemovigilance: knowledge of the nursing team about transfusion reactions / Hemovigilancia: conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre las reacciones transfusionales

Objetivo: Analisar o grau de conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre hemoterapia e reação transfusional imediata. Método: Estudo transversal, analítico, quantitativo, realizado com profissionais de enfermagem da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital de referência do Nordeste, por meio da aplicação de um instrumento semiestruturado, no período de março a abril de 2020. O escore de conhecimento foi obtido pela Análise de Correspondência Múltipla e pelo teste de comparação de medianas de Monte Carlo. Resultados: Dos 32 participantes, oito eram enfermeiros e 24 técnicos de enfermagem. A maioria não recebeu treinamento sobre hemoterapia 24 (75%) e referiu não se sentir capacitada para atuar em reação transfusional imediata 22 (68,8%). Quanto ao grau de conhecimento, verificou-se que os enfermeiros apresentaram melhores escores em relação aos técnicos (mediana 77,7 vs. 33,8; p=0,04). Identificou-se, também, que a faixa etária 18 a 40 anos apresentou melhor resultado em relação a faixa de 40 anos ou mais (mediana 62,7 vs. 25,5; p=0,01). Conclusão: Verificou-se a importância dos profissionais de enfermagem participarem de treinamento sobre administração de hemocomponentes e hemoderivados, visando melhorar a qualidade da assistência e manutenção do protocolo de segurança do paciente. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the degree of knowledge of the nursing team about hemotherapy and immediate transfusion reaction. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative study carried out with nursing professionals from the Intensive Care Unit of a reference hospital in the brazilian Northeast, through the application of a semi-structured instrument, from March to April 2020. The knowledge score was obtained by the Multiple Correspondence Analysis and the Monte Carlo median comparison test. Results: Of the 32 participants, eight were nurses and 24 nursing technicians. Most did not receive training on hemotherapy 24 (75%) and did not feel qualified to act in an immediate transfusion reaction 22 (68.8%). As for the degree of knowledge, we found that nurses (median 77.7) had better scores compared to technicians (median 77,7 vs. 33,8; p=0,04). It was also identified that the age group 18 to 40 years old had a better result in relation to the age group 40 or older (median 62,7 vs. 25,5; p=0,01). Conclusion: It was verified the importance of nursing professionals to participate in training on the administration of blood components and blood products, aiming to improve the quality of care and maintenance of the patient safety protocol. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar el grado de conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre hemoterapia y reacción transfusional inmediata. Métodos: Estudio transversal, analítico, cuantitativo realizado con profesionales de enfermería de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital de referencia del Nordeste brasileño, mediante la aplicación de un instrumento semiestructurado, de marzo a abril de 2020. El puntaje de conocimiento fue obtenido por el Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple y la prueba de comparación de la mediana de Monte Carlo. Resultados: De los 32 participantes, ocho eran enfermeros y 24 técnicos de enfermería. La mayoría no recibió capacitación en hemoterapia 24 (75%) y no se sintió capacitada para actuar en una reacción transfusional inmediata 22 (68,8%). En cuanto al grado de conocimiento, encontramos que las enfermeras obtuvieron mejores puntajes que los técnicos (mediana 77,7 vs. 33,8; p=0,04). También se identificó que el grupo de edad de 18 a 40 años 62,7) tuvo un mejor resultado en relación al grupo de 40 años o más (mediana 62,7 vs. 25,5; p=0,01). Conclusión: Se verificó la importancia de que los profesionales de enfermería participen en capacitaciones sobre la administración de hemoderivados y hemoderivados, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de la atención y el mantenimiento del protocolo de seguridad del paciente. (AU)

Diagnostic challenges in paediatric foreign body aspiration: a case report / Desafío diagnóstico en la aspiración de cuerpo extraño en pediatría: reporte de un caso

Abstract Introduction Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a potentially fatal paediatric emergency. Our objective was to highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to difficult/doubtful diagnosis. Case report 34-month-old girl referred for urgent rigid bronchoscopy after suspected metallic blade ingestion (found chewing on it). She had a previous recurrent history of wheezing. The physical examination revealed face/lip wounds, traces of powder on her teeth but no breathing difficulty. The plain X-Ray revealed radiopaque images of the upper pulmonary field and gastric chamber. In the absence of FBA clinical signs but considering a previous history of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, a direct digital radiographic study was performed. There were no images compatible with foreign bodies: the results were interpreted as artefacts and no bronchoscopy was performed. Conclusions A careful pre-anaesthetic evaluation, a high level of suspicion and excellent multidisciplinary communication led to the recognition of false radiologic findings. A conservative approach was followed and invasive procedures in a remote location, with high anaesthetic risk for the paediatric population were avoided.

Resumen Introducción La aspiración de cuerpo extraño (ACE) es una emergencia pediátrica potencialmente fatal. La intención del presente artículo es resaltar la importancia de un abordaje multidisciplinario en caso de un diagnóstico difícil/dudoso. Reporte de caso Se trata de una paciente de 4 meses de edad remitida para broncoscopia rígida de urgencia, luego de la sospecha de ingestión de una hojilla metálica (se encontró a la bebé mordiéndola). La paciente tenía antecedentes de sibilancia. Al examen físico se encontraron heridas en la cara y los labios, rastros de polvo en los dientes, pero no había dificultad respiratoria. El examen de rayos-x mostraba imágenes radio opacas en el cuadrante superior derecho del pulmón y en la cámara gástrica. En virtud de la ausencia de signos clínicos de ACE en una paciente con antecedentes de hiperresponsividad bronquial, se realizó un estudio radiográfico digital. No hubo imágenes compatibles con cuerpos extraños: los resultados se interpretaron como artefactos y no se realizó la broncoscopia. Conclusiones Un cuidadoso examen pre-anestesia, el alto grado de sospecha y una excelente comunicación multidisciplinaria, permitieron el reconocimiento de hallazgos radiológicos falsos. Se siguió un abordaje conservador, evitando así procedimientos invasivos en lugares remotos con alto grado de riesgo para la población pediátrica.

Adaptação e validação da "escala del trabajo con sentido" no contexto argentino / Adaptation and validation of the work scale with direction for the argentinian context / Adaptación y validación de la escala de trabajo con sentido en el contexto argentino

O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar a adaptação transcultural e validação para o espanhol no contexto argentino da Escala do Trabalho com Sentido. Após a adaptação transcultural da escala que contemplou as etapas de tradução, síntese das traduções, retradução, análise por um comitê de especialistas e pré-teste, executou-se a validação do instrumento utilizando um modelo de equações estruturais, relacionando os fatores da "Escala del Trabajo con Sentido" (ETS) com os fatores do "Instrumento para la Evaluación de la Cultura Organizacional" a partir de uma amostra de 154 docentes de uma instituição de ensino superior pública argentina. Os resultados dos Alfas de Cronbach e o critério da validade convergente para a ETS ficaram acima dos valores aceitáveis, assim como os critérios da validade discriminante e a da colinearidade das dimensões. Portanto, a escala adaptada apresentou evidências quanto a relevância preditiva e pode ser utilizada no contexto argentinos em pesquisas sobre o Sentido do Trabalho.

The objective of this article was to carry out cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Work with Meaning scale for Spanish language in an Argentinian context. After the cross-cultural adaptation of the scale that included the stages of translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, analysis by a committee of experts, and pre-test, the instrument was validated using a structural equation model, relating the factors of the Work Scale with Direction ("Escala del Trabajo con Sentido" - ETS) with the factors of the "Instrumento para la Evaluación de la Cultura Organizacional" from a sample of 154 professors from an Argentinian public higher education institution. The results of Cronbach's alphas and the convergent validity criterion for ETS were above acceptable values, as well as the criteria of discriminant validity and the collinearity of dimensions. Therefore, an adapted scale presented evidence regarding its predictive relevance and can be used in the Argentinian context in research on the Meaning of Work.

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar la adaptación transcultural y la validación del español en el contexto argentino de la Escala Trabajo con Sentido. Tras la adaptación transcultural de la escala que incluyó las etapas de traducción, síntesis de las traducciones, retraducción, análisis por un comité de especialistas y preprueba, se validó el instrumento utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y relacionando los factores de la "Escala de Trabajo con Sentido" (ETS) con los factores del "Instrumento para la Evaluación de la Cultura Organizacional" de una muestra de 154 profesores de una institución pública argentina de Educación Superior. Los resultados del Alfa de Cronbach y el criterio de la validez convergente para la ETS estuvieron por encima de los valores aceptables, así como los criterios de validez discriminante y la colinealidad de dimensiones. Por tanto, una escala adaptada presentó evidencias sobre su relevancia predictiva y puede ser utilizada en el contexto argentino en investigaciones sobre el sentido del trabajo.

Sentido del trabajo: un análisis con docentes brasileños y argentinos / Sense of work: an analysis with Brazilian and Argentine professors

Las organizaciones han buscado alternativas para mejorar la calidad de vida de los trabajadores y uno de los aspectos que influyen en el comportamiento es el sentido del trabajo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar las diferencias y similitudes en el sentido del trabajo de los docentes brasileños y argentinos. Es un estudio de caso con un enfoque mixto, clasificado en cuantitativo y cualitativo. En la etapa cuantitativa se utilizó la Escala del Trabajo con Sentido con la cual se obtuvieron datos de 354 encuestados, que fueron sometidos a estadística descriptiva. La etapa cualitativa se llevó a cabo a través de entrevistas no estructuradas con 16 docentes, 8 de los cuales eran argentinos y 8 brasileños, que se sometieron a análisis de contenido. Los resultados revelaron que los docentes argentinos y brasileños tienen un trabajo significativo, ya que todos los factores fueron clasificados como altos. Estos datos fueron corroborados por los análisis cualitativos que mostraron estar en línea con los resultados cuantitativos. El orden en que los factores resultaron más positivos en la muestra general fue: utilidad social del trabajo, aprendizaje y desarrollo, coherencia y expresividad, calidad de las relaciones, libertad y ética en el trabajo. Considerando los valores similares encontrados, se identificó que la percepción del sentido del trabajo no está influenciada por la diferencia de nacionalidad(AU)

Organizations have sought alternatives to improve the quality of life of workers and one of the aspects that influence behavior is the sense of work. The objective of this study was to examine differences and similarities in the sense of the work among Brazilian and Argentine professors. This was a case study that used a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach. In the quantitative phase, we used the Work with Sense Scale, collecting data on 354 respondents, analysed through descriptive statistics. The qualitative phase consisted of a series of unstructured interviews with 16 professors, 8 of whom were Argentine and 8 Brazilian, followed by content analysis. The results revealed that Argentine and Brazilian professors feel their jobs are significant and have meaning, since all the factors were classified as high. These data were corroborated by the qualitative analysis that was in line with the quantitative findings. In order, the most positively valued factors in the general sample were: social utility of work, learning and development, coherence and expressiveness, quality of relationships, freedom and work ethic. Given the similar findings across both groups of professors, we did not find that sense of work is influenced by nationality(AU)

Prototipação de game educativo para prevenção de acidentes na infância / Prototyping of educational game for prevention of childhood accidents

Objetivo: Descrever o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de game educativo para prevenção de acidentes comuns na infância. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo sobre desenvolvimento tecnológico de um protótipo de game educativo, proveniente de pesquisa original sobre utilização da gamificação como ferramenta educativa para prevenção de acidentes na infância. O desenvolvimento do protótipo guiou-se pela estratégia Design Thinking, com uso do software educacional Scratch que é uma plataforma online, gratuita. Os cenários e personagens foram construídos com figuras disponíveis em acesso livre na internet. Resultados: O protótipo do game foi intitulado "Detetives do perigo", com público alvo crianças entre 8 a 10 anos de idade. As fases do game apresenta situações de risco de acidente na rotina diária da criança, e explica de forma simples e interativa como evitá-los. O game é composto por dez cenários, sendo quatro de orientações e seis dos ambientes domiciliar, escolar, via e parque público, onde são expostas as situações de risco de acidente. Conclusão: O uso de ferramentas tecnológicas nas ações de educação em saúde, permite que a criança seja protagonista no cuidado com sua saúde e bem-estar, o despertar do senso crítico compatível com sua faixa etária, pode contribuir na redução de acidentes na infância. (AU)

Objective: To describe the development of an educational game prototype for the prevention of common accidents in childhood. Methods: Descriptive study on technological development of an educational game prototype, from original research on the use of gamification as an educational tool for the prevention of childhood accidents. The development of the prototype was guided by the Design Thinking strategy, using scratch educational software which is a free online platform. The scenarios and characters were built with figures available in free internet access. Results: The prototype of the game was titled "Danger Detectives", with audience targeting children between 8 to 10 years of age. The phases of the game presents situations of risk of accident in the daily routine of the child and explains in a simple and interactive way how to avoid them. The game consists of ten scenarios, four of which are guidelines and six of the home, school, road and public park environments, where accident risk situations are exposed. Conclusion: The use of technological tools in health education actions allows the child to be a protagonist in the care of their health and well-being, the awakening of critical sense compatible with their age group can contribute to the reduction of accidents in childhood. (AU)

Objetivo: Describir el desarrollo de un prototipo de juego educativo para la prevención de accidentes comunes en la infância. Methods: Estudio descriptivo sobre desarrollo tecnológico de un prototipo de juego educativo, derivado de la investigación original sobre el uso de la gamificación como herramienta educativa para la prevención de accidentes infantiles. El desarrollo del prototipo fue guiado por la estrategia Design Thinking, utilizando software educativo scratch que es una plataforma en línea gratuita. Los escenarios y personajes fueron construidos con figuras disponibles en acceso gratuito a Internet. Resultados: El prototipo del juego se tituló "Detectives de peligro", con un público dirigido a niños de entre 8 y 10 años de edad. Las fases del juego presentan situaciones de riesgo de accidente en la rutina diaria del niño, y explican de una manera sencilla e interactiva cómo evitarlos. El juego consta de diez escenarios, cuatro de los cuales son pautas y seis de los ambientes de hogar, escuela, carretera y parque público, donde las situaciones de riesgo de accidentes están expuestas. Conclusión: El uso de herramientas tecnológicas en las acciones de educación sanitaria permite al niño ser protagonista en el cuidado de su salud y bienestar, el despertar del sentido crítico compatible con su grupo de edad puede contribuir a la reducción de los accidentes en la infancia. (AU)

Complete vertebrate mitogenomes reveal widespread repeats and gene duplications.

BACKGROUND: Modern sequencing technologies should make the assembly of the relatively small mitochondrial genomes an easy undertaking. However, few tools exist that address mitochondrial assembly directly. RESULTS: As part of the Vertebrate Genomes Project (VGP) we develop mitoVGP, a fully automated pipeline for similarity-based identification of mitochondrial reads and de novo assembly of mitochondrial genomes that incorporates both long (> 10 kbp, PacBio or Nanopore) and short (100-300 bp, Illumina) reads. Our pipeline leads to successful complete mitogenome assemblies of 100 vertebrate species of the VGP. We observe that tissue type and library size selection have considerable impact on mitogenome sequencing and assembly. Comparing our assemblies to purportedly complete reference mitogenomes based on short-read sequencing, we identify errors, missing sequences, and incomplete genes in those references, particularly in repetitive regions. Our assemblies also identify novel gene region duplications. The presence of repeats and duplications in over half of the species herein assembled indicates that their occurrence is a principle of mitochondrial structure rather than an exception, shedding new light on mitochondrial genome evolution and organization. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that even in the "simple" case of vertebrate mitogenomes the completeness of many currently available reference sequences can be further improved, and caution should be exercised before claiming the complete assembly of a mitogenome, particularly from short reads alone.

When more is less in financial decision-making: financial literacy magnifies framing effects.

In recent years, the financial world has become more complex and intricate. In this context, numeracy and, particularly, financial literacy, are seen as paramount in providing consumers with the knowledge and confidence required to take part in financial markets. Despite some indicative empirical findings, it is still to be ascertained how the two competences differentially contribute to the quality of decision-making in financial contexts. Furthermore, it is still unknown to what degree financial literacy and numeracy, taken as relevant mind-ware for financial decision-making, are effective in guarding against well-documented biases such as loss aversion and framing effects. This study aims to clarify these issues by employing an experimental task, conceived as an approximation to real-world decision-making involving the sale of shares. Our results suggest that numeracy and financial literacy affect decision-making differently in a pattern that, in part, runs counter to conventional economic theory. The data indicate that numeracy promotes a pattern of choices closer to economic rationality, while financial literacy can prove counterproductive and may amplify cognitive biases, namely framing effects and loss aversion. The outcomes are interpreted in light of dual-process theories, and the political implications discussed.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on the Thermochemistry of 3-Methyl-2-benzoxazolinone and 6-Nitro-2-benzoxazolinone.

The determination of the reliable thermodynamic properties of 2-benzoxazolinone derivatives is the main goal of this work. Some correlations are established between the energetic properties determined and the structural characteristics of the title compounds, and the reactivity of this class of compounds is also evaluated. Static-bomb combustion calorimetry and high-temperature Calvet microcalorimetry were used to determine, respectively, the standard molar enthalpies of formation in the solid state and the standard molar enthalpies of sublimation, both at T = 298.15 K. Using the results obtained for each compound, the respective gas-phase standard molar enthalpy of formation was derived. High-level quantum chemical calculations were performed to estimate the same property and the results evidence good accordance. Moreover, the gas-phase relative thermodynamic stability of 2-benzoxazolinone derivatives was also evaluated using the respective gas-phase standard molar Gibbs energy of formation. In addition, the relationship between the energetic and structural characteristics of the benzoxazolinones is presented, evidencing the enthalpic increments associated with the presence of a methyl and a nitro groups in the molecule, and this effect is compared with similar ones in other structurally related compounds.

Sentido do trabalho e cultura organizacional: análise com professores brasileiros e argentinos / Sense of work and organizational culture: analysis with Brazilian and Argentine professors / Sentido del trabajo y cultura organizacional: análisis con profesores brasileños y argentines

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar diferenças e similaridades entre sentido do trabalho e cultura organizacional na percepção de docentes brasileiros e argentinos do ensino superior. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter exploratório e abordagem quantitativa. Participaram 354 docentes universitários de instituições públicas, sendo 154 do oeste da Argentina e 200 do sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a Escala do Trabalho com Sentido e o Instrumento Brasileiro para Avaliação da Cultura Organizacional, na versão em português e adaptadas e/ou validadas para a língua espanhola. Para comparar e testar as hipóteses da pesquisa, propôs-se um modelo estrutural por meio de equações estruturais parciais baseado em análises multigrupo. Identificou-se que a percepção do sentido do trabalho relaciona-se com elementos culturais da organização e com as experiências dos sujeitos, configurando-se como uma construção social. Por meio da análise das hipóteses identificouse que há mais aproximações do que diferenças nas percepções desses profissionais, visto que das doze hipóteses testadas, os dados apontaram desacordo em apenas duas delas.

His paper aims to verify differences and similarities between the meaning of work and organisational culture in the perception of Brazilian and Argentinean higher education teachers. It is an exploratory study with a quantitative approach. The participants were 354 professors from public universities, 154 from western Argentina and 200 from southern Brazil. The Meaningful Work Scale and the Brazilian Instrument for the Evaluation of Organisational Culture were used (Portuguese version) adapted or validated for the Spanish. A structural model was proposed Using partial structural equations based on multigroup analysis to compare and test the hypotheses. The perception of the meaning of work is related to cultural elements of the organisation and the experiences of the subjects configured as a social construction. The analysis identified that there are more similarities than differences in the perceptions of these professionals since of the twelve hypotheses tested, the data showed disagreement in only two of them.

El objetivo de este trabajo es verificar diferencias y similitudes entre el significado del trabajo y la cultura organizacional en la percepción de los docentes de educación superior brasileños y argentinos. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio con enfoque cuantitativo. Participaron 354 profesores universitarios de instituciones públicas, 154 del occidente argentino y 200 del sur de Brasil. Se utilizaron la Escala de Trabajo Significativo y el Instrumento Brasileño de Evaluación de la Cultura Organizacional, en versión portuguesa y adaptados y/o validados para el idioma español. Para comparar y probar las hipótesis de la investigación, se propuso un modelo estructural utilizando ecuaciones estructurales parciales basadas en análisis multigrupo. Se identificó que la percepción del significado del trabajo se relaciona con elementos culturales de la organización y las vivencias de los sujetos, configurándose como una construcción social. A través del análisis de las hipótesis, se identificó que existen más aproximaciones que diferencias en las percepciones de estos profesionales ya que, de las doce hipótesis probadas, los datos mostraron desacuerdo en solo dos de ellas.

Percepção do Adolescente frente à sua Condição de Adoecimento Oncológico / Perception of the Adolescent in face of its Condition of Oncological Sickening / Percepción de los Adolescentes ante su Condición de Enfermedad Oncológica

Introdução: O adoecimento por câncer traz uma rotina cansativa por conta das terapêuticas agressivas, e ocorrem mudanças na vida do adolescente. Objetivo: Compreender a percepção do adolescente frente à sua condição de adoecimento oncológico. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, qualitativa, por meio da técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo, realizada com 13 adolescentes, no período de junho a agosto de 2019, no Centro Especializado em Oncologia Pediátrica de um hospital universitário. As entrevistas individuais foram gravadas baseadas nos seguintes questionamentos: Para você, como é estar doente? O que você pensa sobre seu futuro? Como você se relaciona com seus familiares e com a equipe de saúde? Resultados: Foram identificadas oito ideias centrais, entre elas: estar doente é ruim porque limita rotinas da vida normal; o tratamento é doloroso e altera minha imagem corporal; estar doente tem um lado bom; ficar curado e retomar planos para minha vida; o hospital e a equipe de saúde são acolhedores; falta empatia e acolhimento adequado; humanização na assistência; e apoio familiar. Conclusão: Na percepção do adolescente, o adoecimento vai além da condição de saúde física, interfere e limita sua qualidade de vida e dos familiares, e a escuta terapêutica é essencial para uma assistência humanizada

Introduction: Cancer illness brings a tiresome routine due to aggressive therapies, and changes occur in the adolescent's life. Objective: Understand the perception of the adolescent in face of its condition of oncological sickening. Method: Exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative research, through the Collective Subject Discourse technique, conducted with 13 adolescents, from June to August 2019, at the Specialized Center for Pediatric Oncology of a university hospital. The individual interviews were recorded based on the following questions: What is it like to be sick to you? What do you think about your future? How do you relate to your family members and the health team? Results: Eight central ideas were identified, among them: being sick is bad because it limits normal life routines; the treatment is painful and changes my body image; being sick has a good side; be healed and resume plans for my life; the hospital and the team are welcoming; proper welcome and empathy are lacking; humanized care; family support. Conclusion: In the adolescent's perception, illness goes beyond the physical health condition, interferes, and limits theirs and their family quality of life, and therapeutic listening is essential for humanized care

Introducción: La enfermedad del cáncer trae una rutina agotadora debido a terapias agresivas, y se producen cambios en la vida del adolescente. Objetivo: Entender la percepción de lo adolescente ante su condición de enfermedad oncológica. Método: Investigación exploratoria, descriptiva y cualitativa, a través de la técnica de Discurso de Sujeto Colectivo, realizada con 13 adolescentes, de junio a agosto de 2019, en el Centro Especializado de Oncología Pediátrica de un hospital universitario. Las entrevistas individuales fueron grabadas basándose en las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cómo es estar enfermo para usted? ¿Qué opinas de tu futuro? ¿Cómo se relaciona con los miembros de su familia y el equipo de salud? Resultados: Se identificaron ocho ideas centrales, entre ellas: estar enfermo es malo porque limita las rutinas normales de vida; el tratamiento es doloroso y cambia mi imagen corporal; estar enfermo tiene un lado bueno; ser sanado y reanudar los planes para mi vida; el hospital y el equipo de salud son acogedores; carecer de empatía y bienvenida adecuada; humanización en el cuidado; y apoyo familiar. Conclusión: En la percepción del adolescente, la enfermedad va más allá de la condición de salud física, interfiere y limita su calidad de vida y familiares, y la escucha terapéutica es esencial para la atención humanizada

Nanopore sequencing and the Shasta toolkit enable efficient de novo assembly of eleven human genomes.

De novo assembly of a human genome using nanopore long-read sequences has been reported, but it used more than 150,000 CPU hours and weeks of wall-clock time. To enable rapid human genome assembly, we present Shasta, a de novo long-read assembler, and polishing algorithms named MarginPolish and HELEN. Using a single PromethION nanopore sequencer and our toolkit, we assembled 11 highly contiguous human genomes de novo in 9 d. We achieved roughly 63× coverage, 42-kb read N50 values and 6.5× coverage in reads >100 kb using three flow cells per sample. Shasta produced a complete haploid human genome assembly in under 6 h on a single commercial compute node. MarginPolish and HELEN polished haploid assemblies to more than 99.9% identity (Phred quality score QV = 30) with nanopore reads alone. Addition of proximity-ligation sequencing enabled near chromosome-level scaffolds for all 11 genomes. We compare our assembly performance to existing methods for diploid, haploid and trio-binned human samples and report superior accuracy and speed.

Analysis of Well-Being and Anxiety among University Students.

This article aims to interrelate dimensions of the well-being validation instruments proposed by Watson, Clark and Tellegen (PANAS) with generalized anxiety dimensions proposed by Spitzer et al. (GAD-7) and state-trait anxiety inventories proposed by Biaggio and Natalício (IDATE), using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), in the case of individual university students in southern Brazil and the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We conducted a behavioral study, characterized as exploratory-descriptive, by applying a questionnaire survey to collect data though face-to face interviews to a group of 460 university students from June to August 2019. A non-probabilistic sampling method for convenience was used, justified by the heterogeneous incidence of the participants. Our results support most of the proposed hypotheses. Only one hypothesis was rejected, i.e., that the Positive Affection Scale (WBS) is not related to the State Anxiety Inventory (IAE)-when a person is feeling in full activity, this situation does not affect the momentary state, characterized by tension, apprehension and by increased activity in the autonomic nervous system. In terms of the subjective well-being of students, 14.13% were found to have a low rating. 86.74% were found to have generalized anxiety; 75% had trait anxiety, and 80.22% had state anxiety. Our results indicate the need for preventive measures to minimize anxiety and help maintain necessary levels of well-being during this phase of academic development and when forging a professional career. It is expected that new studies will contribute to the advancement of such themes, particularly with university students.